What defines an over-the-counter medication?

An over-the-counter medication is defined by its ability to be purchased without a prescription. This means that consumers have the accessibility to acquire these medications directly from pharmacies or retail stores without needing a healthcare provider's authorization. Over-the-counter medications are typically deemed safe and effective for public use when taken according to the directions on the packaging or by a healthcare professional's recommendations.

The other options do not align with the definition of over-the-counter medications. For instance, medications that require a doctor's prescription are classified as prescription medications, and those intended solely for serious illnesses generally fall under prescription categories due to their complexity and need for professional supervision. Additionally, the cost of medications does not inherently determine whether they are over-the-counter or prescription; price can vary widely among both categories based on factors like brand, formulation, and market conditions. Therefore, the essence of over-the-counter medications lies primarily in their accessibility and the lack of requirement for a prescription.