Which of the following medications typically do not require a prescription?

Over-the-counter pain relievers are medications that are available to the public without the need for a prescription. This category typically includes common analgesics such as ibuprofen, acetaminophen, and aspirin, which can be safely used by most individuals for minor pain relief, fever reduction, or inflammation. These medications have been deemed safe for public use when taken as directed, and they have established usage guidelines on their packaging.

In contrast, antibiotics, controlled substances, and antidepressants require prescriptions because they involve more complex considerations, including potential side effects, risks of misuse, and the need for professional oversight in their usage. Antibiotics can lead to resistance if not used appropriately, controlled substances often have a high potential for abuse, and antidepressants require a careful assessment of mental health to determine the appropriate medication and dosage.